Judgment notwithstanding the verdict (judgment non obstante veredicto, or JNOV) (USA)

A type of judgment as a matter of law that may be ordered at the conclusion of a jury trial, in which the presiding judge in a civil jury trial (which in the US system could be a patent case) may enter a verdict notwithstanding the jury's findings, reversing or amending the jury's verdict. Thus the judge may exercise discretion to avoid extreme and unreasonable jury decisions. Unsurprisingly, rarely given (though comparatively frequently sought).